Understanding the Impact of Depression in the Elderly

Those who work with the elderly on a regular basis will tell you, that they see the evidence of depression in these individuals routinely. The trouble with something that is observed on a routine basis is that it becomes normal to witness the occurrence of the event or condition in the case of depression; and it is often than ignored by medical personnel. Depression should never be viewed as a "normal part of aging". When caregivers and medical professionals assume that depression is normal, they ignore it. Ignoring depression is never a good thing for the individual experiencing it. Depressed individuals need immediate attention, diagnosis, treatment and support.

The very natural progression of years that an elderly person as experienced predisposes them to a higher incidence of disease and situations like loss, that are known to put them at risk for depression. This fact is the reason doctors often assume that it is normal for anyone over 65 to be depressed (they have more reasons to be depressed).

The facts are that:

Depression in the senior years does go hand in hand with other medical chronic or terminal illnesses.

Depression will tend to last longer in the elderly individual.

Depression compounds medical risk for cardiac disease.

Depression in the elderly is more likely to end in suicide than it will for someone who is depressed and much younger.

Risk:

Those at most risk for depression are the elderly population that are female, unmarried and especially those living alone, those who have experienced stressful life events such as natural disasters and loss of close loved ones, and also those who lack a support network.

Other factors that can put an elderly person at risk for depression include certain medications or medication combinations, a recent loss, chronic pain, damage to body image such as an amputation, having the fear of self death, a family history of depression or a history of any major depressive disorder, past suicidal attempts and any substance abuse.

Treatment:

The elderly and those caring for them should understand that not only is depression not normal but that it is common for them to experience it and also more importantly that there are several treatment options available for those who suffer from depression.

The treatment option for those over 65 include: medications, psychotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy, and also a combination of these treatments.

Medications - The medication class is known as antidepressants. Antidepressants have been shown to be very effective for the older individual. There are however risks associated with using these drugs including potential for adverse reactions from antidepressants and other medications that they may already be taking. It is important that both the doctor prescribing the antidepressant and the pharmacist filling the prescription be aware of any other medications that the individual is taking to avoid this risk factor.

Antidepressants are also known to take longer before the benefits can be felt by the individual taking them in those of advanced age. This prolonged effectiveness is due to elderly individuals being more sensitive to medications and the fact that doctors are prone to start them off at lower doses.

Senior Issues with Nail Fungus

It's gross and no one likes to talk about it. However, many people, especially seniors get it. What is this "it" you might wonder? It is nail fungus! A fungal infection can develop in both the fingernails and toenails and is identified in the beginning stages as a yellow or white spot under the tip of the nail. As the fungus spreads, into your nail, the nail will discolor, get thicker and even start to crumble. This is not only disgusting looking but also painful.

Nail fungus thrives in moist, warm conditions like sweaty feet trapped in shoes or even from the floors of a shower. While nail fungus is treatable, the infection that causes it may not ever really go away, so recurrences are a problem.

A Closer Look at the Symptoms and Causes of Nail Fungus

Also called onychomycosis, a fungal infection will make your nails look thicker and brittle. The nails may also look distorted and ragged with a dull appearance. While health nails shine, fungal nails lack that luster. Debris could also build up under the infected nail making it look dark in color.

Sometimes, your infected nail could pull away from the bed of the nail. This can cause pain and some people even say that they can smell a slightly offensive odor due to the infection. For some seniors, nail fungus can occur due to a weaker blood circulation to the toes and fingers. This in turn inhibits the body's ability to fight infection.

Nail fungus are tiny microscopic beasties that just love warm dark places. If you are a frequent swimmer and hang around locker rooms, chances are that you could develop an infection which causes nail fungus. These little organisms enter the body through little undetectable cuts as well as between the separation of the nail and nail bed.

Toe nails are the most popular areas for seniors to experience nail fungus. This is because after your feet are exposed to an infection through a warm, wet environment, you put your feet inside shoes, essentially trapping your toes and the moisture. The fungus thrives under these conditions.

Treatment of Nail Fungus

Nail fungus is difficult to treat and rest assured that most over the counter remedies are ineffective against it. Therefore, only a doctor can prescribe a treatment. There are both oral and topical medication options for treating nail fungus. With the oral medications, they help your nails develop new, healthy growth. This health growth slowly pushes out the infected nail. This process is slow going and you may not see progress for weeks and weeks. However, it could take at long as 1/3 of a year before the infection is completely gone.

Topical medications are not quite as successful. There is one topical option which is applied much like nail polish. This anti-fungal application is not effective for every person. In addition, some prescription ointments can cause rashes and skin irritation. The last resort for the treatment of nail fungus is to totally remove the infected nail. For some seniors, it could take as long as a year before a new nail comes in.

The bottom line is that to avoid nail fungus, you have to avoid all the environments that promote its growth. Now, while you may not want to avoid swimming and you can probably wear protective shoes while in the locker and shower rooms. In addition, always dry your feet before putting on your socks and sneakers.